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Emperor Wenzong of Tang
Emperor Wenzong of Tang (唐文宗 809–840), personal name Li Ang (李昂), né Li Han (李涵), was an emperor of the Tang Dynasty of China. He reigned from 827 to 840. Emperor Wenzong was the second son of Emperor Muzong and younger brother of Emperor Jingzong. A note of interest and a rare occurrence in Chinese history when Emperor Wenzong, along with his elder brother Emperor Jingzong and younger brother Emperor Wuzong, would reign in succession of each other from 824 to 846, as three brothers succeeding each other.
== Background ==
Li Han was born in late 809, during the reign of his grandfather Emperor Xianzong.〔 His father, Li You was then the Prince of Sui under Emperor Xianzong,〔''Old Book of Tang'', vol. 16.〕 but while Li You was considered, under Confucian principles of succession, to be the proper heir to the throne, because his mother (Li Han's grandmother) Consort Guo, was Emperor Xianzong's wife and crown princess while Emperor Xianzong was crown prince,〔''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 238.〕 Li You was not created crown prince for some time; his older brother Li Ning, by Emperor Xianzong's concubine Consort Ji, was.〔''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 237.〕 Only after Li Ning's death in 811 was Li You, whose name was then changed to Li Heng, created crown prince in 812.〔 Li Han was Li You's second son, being born four months after his older brother Li Zhan. His mother was Li You's concubine Consort Xiao.〔
In 820, Emperor Xianzong died, and Li Heng took the throne (as Emperor Muzong). In 821, Emperor Muzong created a large number of his brothers and sons imperial princes, and Li Han was created the Prince of Jiāng.〔''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 241.〕 In 824, Emperor Muzong died and was succeeded by Li Zhan (as Emperor Jingzong). Around the new year 827, Emperor Jingzong was assassinated by a group of imperial guards and eunuchs, led by the eunuch Liu Keming (劉克明). Liu initially tried to have Emperor Muzong's younger brother Li Wu the Prince of Jiàng (note different tone) made emperor, but soon, a group of powerful eunuchs — the directors of palace communications Wang Shoucheng and Yang Chenghe (楊承和) and commanders of the Shence Armies Wei Congjian (魏從簡) and Liang Shouqian (梁守謙) counteracted against the conspirators, launching forces to slaughter them. Li Wu was also killed in this event. Wang and the other eunuchs subsequently had Li Han named the new emperor by orders issued in the name of his grandmother Consort Guo (who was then grand empress dowager) (as Emperor Wenzong). His name was changed to Li Ang.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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